IN RETROSPECT...
 

Ethiopia and the Horn, 1920 - 1930

Massawa has been eclipsed by 1910 as an outlet for Ethiopian exports, but the total value of Eritrea's foreign trade continued to rise, due to re-exports such as coffee from Yemen and Djibouti. As yet, the highlands contributed relatively little to the colonial economy and for many years Eritrea had to import grain from northern Ethiopia. But the basis for the further change was laid in 1908, when a railway was opened from Massawa to the highland capital, Asmara, whose population was then around 10,000.

THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY OF AFRICA, Vol. 7 (1986) By J.D. FAGE et al.